Medicinal Herbs & Plants-Forage or Grow Your Own

Top 5 Favorite Medicinal Herbs
https://thesurvivalmom.com/top-5-favorite-medicinal-herbs/

  Whether you grow your own herbs or buy them, these are my top 5 favorite medicinal herbs to have on hand.  I am NOT a doctor!  These herbs are not substitutes for a doctor’s medical advice! They are simple herbs, usually in capsule or tea form, that can be purchased at your local grocery or health food store.   ---CONTINUED---

Going Natural: Cocconut Milk Can Kick Swine Flu Backside
http://disastermedicine-christine.blogspot.com/2009/10/going-natural-cocconut-milk-can-kick.html

(SNIP)  Now this advice is not meant to replace going to your primary care professional. Far from it. In fact, so far from it that you could travel to Pluto and back before reaching it. If you begin to experience any of the symptoms of the H1N1, the first thing you need to do is get yourself to the hospital or make an appointment with your primary care physician.

So, instead of replacing professional medical advice, this post is just meant to provide you with some additional tools by which you can strengthen your immune system to fight off infections. Having said that, let's get down to it:

To begin, I have come across a number of reputable natural products, which deserve acknowledgment here. I must state that I am not in any way trying to promote the sale of these supplements or have any monetary invested interest in them.

I just want to mention that studies have been done that show the efficacy of these agents in helping the body naturally handle viruses. --- CONTINUED---

The Greatest Wilderness Medicine that You can
Make
http://www.pssurvival.com/PS/Health/Herb_Formulas/Wilderness_Medicine_Aspern_From_Willow_Tree_2010.pdf

Bark and Aspirin
The inner bark contains the compound related to aspirin. In the spring and early summer the bark will easily peel from trees in long sheets. At other times of the year you can scrape bark off the tree stems and branches using your survival knife.

Since ancient times certain tree barks have been well known for their properties of reducing fever, pain, and inflammation. A special ingredient contained in these barks is one of the most potent pain killers in nature.

Fever, muscle aches, osteoarthritis, headache, menstrual cramps, arthritis and inflammations including bursitis, tendonitis, and traumas such as a sprain can all be treated with a dose of natural salicin made from the bark of these trees

(SNIP)

In a wilderness survival setting, knowing how to harvest and use the salicin in tree bark is the most valuable natural medicine knowledge you can have.

Trees that Contain Salicin

Salicin concentrates in the inner bark of trees and shrubs related to willows which include:   ---CONTINUED---

10 common weeds that can heal you
http://www.thereadystore.com/emergency-preparedness-basics/3286/10-common-weeds-that-can-heal-you/

(SNIP)
. . . . weeds – found in your own yard – can be used to help heal sicknesses, burns, sores and other ailments. ---CONTINUED---

4 Easy Medicinal Plants you can grow
http://jalapenogal.blogspot.com/2013/03/4-easy-medicinal-plants-you-can-grow.html

As preppers we should seek to become more self-reliant. Producing/growing your own medicine is another way to do that. I have four medicinal plants anyone can grow: Aloe Vera, Peppermint, Garlic, and Sage. As with any product used for Medicinal Reasons please CONSULT YOUR DOCTOR if you think you might have complications from using any of the plants below. I am not giving medical advice only hard research from reliable sources. Please see the links at the bottom of the page for more information on each of these plants.   ---CONTINUED---

10 Must Have Medicinal Herbs
http://www.offthegridnews.com/2013/06/26/10-must-have-medicinal-herbs/#

Image With a strong drive towards a return to a more natural way of living, medicinal herbs are growing in popularity as gardeners come to recognize the true benefits of growing their own medicinal treatments versus relying on over-the-counter or prescription concerns for something that can easily be remedied naturally.

For thousands of years medicinal herbs were all that humans had to cure their ailments, which often led to a fair amount of trial and error. The result of all of these years of trial and error is that we now have a solid idea as to what types of medicinal herbs we can take for particular health concerns. Some herbs, such as peppermint, have long been known for their abilities to soothe aching bellies and of course help to freshen breath. You may just be surprised at some of the other types of benefits that can be garnered by growing your own herbs. ---CONTINUED---

7 Natural Ways to Soothe a Respiratory Infection
https://survivallife.com/soothe-respiratory-infection/

(SNIP) below is a list of 10 plants and herbs that can help to heal respiratory infections, boost lung health, and repair pulmonary damage. Keep in mind that none of these are surefire cures, but they have been known to help with such ailments.   ---CONTINUED---

The Healing Properties of Catnip Tea | Survival Fitness
https://survivallife.com/catnip-tea-healing-properties/

Catnip, or Nepeta Cataria, is a fragrant-smelling plant that belongs to the mint family. Its dried leaves are processed to provide a number of healing properties for problems such as nervousness, restlessness, flatulence, stress and pain. Experiments on the use of catnip tea are inconclusive however no health risk is involved when it is taken in small doses.

The Healing Properties of Catnip Tea

Herbalists say that both catnip roots and leaves provide health benefits, however, the effects are said to differ for each. While the leaves relieve nervous disorders, the roots function as a stimulant. Catnip is known to contain the following chemicals: dipentene, citral, choline, buteric acid, biotin and acetic acid. Additional constituents of this herb are Vitamin A, Vitamin B, valeric acid, sulfur, sodium, phosphorous, para-aminobenzoic acid, pantothenic acid, nepetallic acid, manganese, limonene, lifronella inositol and folic acid   ---CONTINUED---

30 Medicinal Plants That Could Save Your Life
https://survivallife.com/30-medicinal-plants-that-could-save-your-life/

Living out in the wild, you’ll come across all kinds of medicinal plants and medicinal herbs that can be used for many different purposes, as long as you know where to look and how to use them.

Many plants are beneficial not only for food, but can be used as medicine as well.

Plants can be used to soothe all sorts of ailments. Everything from skin rash, arthritis, cold, fever, diarrhea, migraines, and everything in between can be treated with some kind of plant that can be found growing naturally in many different areas.

Cultures all over the world have been using plants for their medicinal properties for centuries, long before medicine was bottled and sold in pill form.  ---CONTINUED---

You Pass by This Plant Everyday Without Knowing How to Use It When SHTF
http://www.askaprepper.com/making-natural-aspirin-after-the-shtf/

When there are no doctors about and all pharmacies are closed, how do you cope with pain? Fortunately, Mother Nature has given us a great analgesic in the form of salicin.

Salicin, is a naturally occurring compound found in the bark of Willow trees, most famously the White Willow. Salicin was originally used as the starting material in the creation of commercial Aspirin or acetylsalicylic acid. Today the process is synthesized on an industrial scale, but the analgesic effects of man-made aspirin, can be created naturally. In our bodies salicin is metabolized by the liver to salicylic acid. It is the salicylic acid, which acts in a similar way to commercial Aspirin.

There are a lot of advantages to using ‘natural aspirin’ or salicin. Firstly ---CONTINUED---

This Common Driveway Weed is One of Nature’s Most Powerful Survival Plants
http://www.askaprepper.com/the-edible-and-medicinal-plant-that-can-be-found-literally-anywhere/

 Plantain, not to be confused with the banana type fruit, also called Plantain, is a plant which can be found almost anywhere. In fact, if you’re not living in the city, it’s kind of hard not to bump into it.

Plantain it’s super nutritious, easy to identify, has no poisonous look-alikes and it is used as medicine.

Includes:
Medicinal Uses:
Dishes and Medical Recipes With Plantain:

Similar to Morphine: The Best Natural Painkiller that Grows in Your Backyard
http://www.askaprepper.com/similar-morphine-best-natural-painkiller-grows-backyard/

 From injury to disease, pain is a very common ailment or symptom that can take down the toughest of the tough. It’s so prevalent that we are seeing a major epidemic with opiate dependency. Unfortunately, with so many needing to find relief, it’s leading to a large portion of our population becoming dependent on a chemical bandage, often just masking the problem, rather than fixing the cause.

Unfortunately, it’s getting so widespread that the medical field view many of those in real need as “seekers”. So, instead of getting relief from tangible pain, people are being turned away. As a result, they are finding it illegally, and pain clinics and rehabs are popping up all over, trying to combat the addiction.   ---CONTINUED---

The Only Plant That Should Be in Your First Aid Kit-"Elephant's Ear"
http://www.askaprepper.com/plant-first-aid-kit/

  Mullein, formally known as verbascum thapsus, is often times called velvet plant or elephant’s ear due to the hairy leaves that are, rather than being prickly as are most fuzzy looking plants, quite soft and supple.

This herb can be found abundantly in most environments, even where no one intended it to grow, and like many plants that people call weeds, it has many uses in everyday life and particularly in survival situations. In taking a look back at how our forefathers used mullein, we can get a good idea of how it could help us if the world as we know it comes to an end.   ---CONTINUED---

Includes:
Practical Uses
Medical Applications
In the Garden

23 Medicinal Plants the Native Americans Used on a Daily Basis
http://www.askaprepper.com/23-medicinal-plants-native-americans-used-daily-basis/

  Native Americans are renowned for their medicinal plant knowledge. It is rumored they first started using plants and herbs for healing after watching animals eat certain plants when they were sick. In order to protect these plants from over harvesting, the medicine men used to pick every third plant they found.

The Native Americans had a spiritual view of life, and to be healthy, a person had to have a sense of purpose and follow a righteous, harmonious, and balanced path in life. They believed some illnesses were life lessons the person needed to learn and that they shouldn’t interfere. Many modern remedies and medicines are based on the Native American knowledge of the different plants and herbs they used for thousands of years.   ---CONTINUED---

Good info! I've learned to identify some plants in our area, for food, mostly. I need to start looking at medicinal uses, too.

Preparedness – Homegrown Medicinals
https://commonsensehome.com/preparedness-homegrown-medicinals/

  (SNIP) ... With many medicinal herbs now being outlawed in Europe, and increasing odds that the US is likely to follow Europe's lead (thank you, Big Pharma), I've been learning more about plants that I can grow in my own yard for medicinal purposes. You'd be surprised at how useful “weeds” can be. ---CONTINUED---

Herbal Antibiotics – Using Herbs to Fight Infection and Speed Healing
https://commonsensehome.com/herbal-antibiotics/

  Herbal antibiotics have long been used by herbal healers to ward off colds and flu, clear infections and speed wound healing. Now, they may be moving back into the mainstream as an alternative for bacteria that have become resistant to synthetic antibiotics. This post is based on the book “Herbal Antibiotics” by Stephen Harrod Buhner, and related materials. We'll start with some background information and then discuss antibiotic herbs and their use.   ---CONTINUED---

Milk Thistle Benefits – The Gentle Liver Tonic Everyone Should Know
https://commonsensehome.com/milk-thistle/

 My introduction to milk thistle (Silybum marianum) came via Baker Creek Heirloom seeds, who sent me a free packet of milk thistle seed with my order several years ago. Since then, it's become a perennial part of my garden, as I allow a few volunteers to mature each year. My big old bumblebees love milk thistles just as much as they love the rest of the wild thistles. In those post we'll cover milk thistle benefits, how to use milk thistle seeds, and possible milk thistle side effects.   ---CONTINUED---

Natural/natures antibiotics from happypreppers.com:


http://happypreppers.com/antibiotics.html

I don't even have to grow echinacea around here. The purple cone flower grows wild all over our area. Every spring thousands of them and Jerusalem artichokes bloom on the road sides here.

The Most Powerful Natural Antibiotics Known to Mankind
https://www.askaprepper.com/powerful-antibiotics-known-mankind/

  Before the 1920s, when Alexander Fleming first discovered penicillin, western medicine had no effective treatment for infection.

(SNIP) ... information about natural remedies has been lost.

(SNIP) ... it is the whole plant, or plant part, that is most effective, and causes the fewest side effects.  ---CONTINUED---

12 Old Fashioned Arthritis Remedies Your Ancestors Used
https://www.askaprepper.com/12-old-fashioned-arthritis-remedies-ancestors-used/

When it comes to searching for natural, readily available remedies with which to treat arthritis, or indeed any ailment, we naturally look back in time and take lessons from our ancestors.

(SNIP) ... The Native Americans learned a lot about the healing properties of plants by watching their sick animals, noting which plants they went to for different ailments. They also revered the land, only picking every third plant to ensure a never ending supply. Native American remains dating back to 4500 B.C. showed characteristics consistent that rheumatoid arthritis, so it makes sense that they searched for and found many remedies. ---CONTINUED---

**CROSS POSTED in: Preparation Guidelines :: Medical Concerns :: Home Remedies

6 Wild Healing Plants You Should Use
http://prepperswill.com/6-wild-healing-plants-use/

  Nature provides us with everything we need in order to survive and there are a few wild plants that are commonly used as first aid. These wild healing plants are well-known for their healing properties. Those living off the grid have been using them for years.

If you get stranded in the wild or if you plan to live off-grid learn how to find the following wild healing plants. You could use them until professional medical help would be available. Some of these wild healing plants are already available in your garden or living area. Most people see them only as invasive weeds, without having a clue about their healing benefits. ---CONTINUED---

The Most Useful Methods To Prepare Medicinal Herbs
http://prepperswill.com/useful-methods-prepare-medicinal-herbs/

  Herbal medicine has been around for centuries and it helped mankind survive through harsh time. Although the modern folks are encouraged to buy top-brand medicine, this ancient healing knowledge is still widely practiced in many communities around the world. In fact, medicinal herbs will still be here, long after the collapse of modern society. We should all learn how to take advantage of these healing herbs.   ---CONTINUED---

Top 10 Medicinal Herbs For Your Garden
http://prepperswill.com/top-10-medicinal-herbs-for-your-garden/

  Herbal medicine has been around for centuries. Although people are encouraged to buy modern medicine, this ancient healing knowledge is still widely practiced. Medicinal herbs will still be here, long after the collapse of modern society. We should all learn how to take advantage of these healing herbs.   ---CONTINUED---

20 Herbal Remedies For The Winter Season
http://prepperswill.com/20-herbal-remedies-winter-season/

  While the winter season brings joy to both young and old as families come together, it also brings some health problems we shouldn’t ignore.  We are all familiar with the common cold and the flu. The following herbal remedies will help you deal with all the issues the cold season may bring.   ---CONTINUED---

Just Like Doxycycline: The Antibiotic That Grows in Your Backyard
https://www.askaprepper.com/usnea-natural-antibiotic-growing-backyard/

  (SNIP) ... You might be wondering if natural and homegrown antibiotics could cause side effects or be harmful to certain people? Sure, just like prescription antibiotics, there can be side effects. However, unlike more commonly known prescription antibiotics, usnea can be completely natural without unhealthy chemicals…and you might even be able to find it right in your own backyard. You may also want to check if these extremely powerful natural antibiotics that are little known to mankind grow around your house.

Usnea is a fairly common and intriguing lichen found in many forests and woods across the world. A lichen is defined by Merriam-Webster as: “any numerous complex plantlike organisms made up of an alga or a cyanobacterium and a fungus growing in symbiotic association on a solid surface (such as on a rock or the bark of trees).” The usnea lichen, which has a body with a netted hair-like texture, is developed through a mutual relationship between fungus and algae. ---CONTINUED---

10 Potent Plants That Kill Pain Fast
https://www.askaprepper.com/10-potent-foods-kill-pain-fast/

     (SNIP)... Today we are going to talk about food that kills pain fast and you will be surprised to discover that these plants are actually at your fingertips. You’ll learn how to use them to fight aches, sickness and even mood swings.   ---CONTINUED---

Marigold Extract to Keep in Your Medicine Cabinet (with pictures)
https://www.askaprepper.com/diy-essential-oil-calendula-bottled-sunshine-pictures/

  With both antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties, the fresh petals can be infused in boiling water, then cooled to clean minor wounds and treat conditions such as mouth ulcers or sore gums. Gargling with the infusion can soothe a sore throat and rolling a ball of petals between your fingers and applying directly to insect bites or nettle stings can be really effective in numbing the discomfort.   ---CONTINUED---

5 Medicinal Plants that My Grandmother Grew in Her Backyard
https://www.askaprepper.com/5-medicinal-plants-that-my-grandmother-grew-in-her-backyard/

     Granny was a farmer. She and Papa had a small farm and grew most of their food. They purchased flour, coffee, and sugar, but most other foods came from the farm. She also had a medicinal garden and grew her medicines there. I don’t remember her ever going to the doctor, but I’m sure she did for major illnesses.

Her medicinal garden included these five plants that she believed in. She also used garlic, onion, and other herbs that she grew in her vegetable garden. These five were grown for medicinal use only and she taught me to use them as well. They were the basis of our everyday medicine.   ---CONTINUED---

Lemon Balm Benefits and Growing Tips
https://www.shtfdad.com/benefits-growing-lemon-balm/

  I’ve seen lots of information floating around the internet touting the benefit of growing lemon balm (Melissa officinalis) on your porch as a means of repelling mosquitoes, and while that is one of the lemon balm benefits, it also has a variety of other uses. Let’s take a look at them and how they can be a useful addition to any homesteader’s garden. ... CONTINUNED ...

Includes:
Medical Benefits
Culinary Uses of Lemon Balm
In the Garden
Other Uses
How to Grow Lemon Balm

12 Wild Medicinal Plants You Should Harvest This Fall
https://www.askaprepper.com/12-wild-medicinal-plants-you-must-harvest-this-fall/

  When you think of herbal remedies and medicinal herbs modern natural healing may come to mind. Using wild medicine is a key to staying away from the onslaught of modern medicine so sometimes it can seem like a modern answer to good health.   ---CONTINUED---

How To Identify and Process Wild Lettuce For Natural Pain Relief
https://www.skilledsurvival.com/wild-lettuce/#more-3612

  When someone first hears about Wild Lettuce, they usually begin asking questions.

The first two questions are usually “what the heck is wild opium lettuce?” and “why should I care”?

But, once you understand all the benefits of wild lettuce, more questions come to mind.

“Is it legal,” “how do you find it in the wild” and “how is it processed?”

That’s the goal if this article – to provide you with detailed answers to each of these questions.   ---CONTINUED---

Specifically, this article will cover the following topics.

  What Is Wild Lettuce
  The Legality Of Wild Lettuce
  The Applications Of Wild Lettuce
  How To Use Wild Lettuce
  How To Process Wild Lettuce
  Identifying Wild Lettuce In Nature
  How To Grow Wild Lettuce
  Survival Uses For Wild Lettuce

The Benefits of Red Raspberry Leaf tea
https://thehappyherbalhome.com/benefits-of-red-raspberry-leaf-tea/

  Red raspberry leaf tea benefits are one of my favorite things to talk about. It’s the first herb I really learned in depth. It all started when I was pregnant & sparked my love affair with herbalism.

This is surprisingly common, as it’s considered the pregnancy herb and many women want to better their health when they find out they are pregnant.

There are so many benefits of red raspberry leaf tea that it should really be a staple in most households. It’s great for women’s health, especially when trying to conceive, pregnant or to help alleviate period discomforts.

Of course, this doesn’t mean that men are excluded, as it definitely has benefits for them too.   ---CONTINUED---

The Best Natural Sleeping Pill That You Can Grow In Your Backyard
https://www.askaprepper.com/the-best-natural-sleeping-pill-that-you-can-grow-in-your-backyard/

  (SNIP) ... there is an all-natural alternative that is proven to work for most people without harmful side-effects?

Valerian root, Valeriana officinalis, also known as tobacco root, is a well known herbal supplement used to treat anxiety. However, at proper doses, it makes the user relaxed and drowsy while encouraging high-quality, uninterrupted sleep.

(SNIIP) ... Valerian grows wild and is sometimes considered invasive, so it requires very little care to grow successfully.   ---CONTINUED---

7 Herbal Remedies You Should Have In Your Arsenal
https://www.backdoorsurvival.com/7-herbal-remedies-you-should-have-in-your-arsenal/

  (SNIP) ... For preppers, the importance of learning to use herbal remedies is that if the time ever came when traditional medicines were not available, sickness would spread and we would be left on our own to treat even the most common viral and bacterial infections.  

What are these herbs and how do you use them?

In today’s article I call upon the expertise of Sally Thomas who has compiled a list of her favorite herbal remedies along with how to make them as well as special applications for children.   ---CONTINUED---

Health Benefits of Garlic: The Medicinal Use of Garlic
https://www.backdoorsurvival.com/medicinial-use-of-garlic/

  Garlic (Allium sativum) originated someplace in Central Asia and has since spread and diversified throughout the world. So what’s so special about garlic?  We all know about its distinctive odor, but did you know the long-proven history of the medicinal use of garlic make it one of the best natural medicines available?   ---CONTINUED---

18 Herbal Remedies for Aches and Pains
https://www.backdoorsurvival.com/18-herbal-remedies-for-aches-and-pains/

  For the purpose of this article, herbal remedies for aches and pains are broken down into 4 main categories:

Arthritis pain
General, non-specific pain relief
Toothaches
Sore throats

   ---CONTINUED---

Grow Your Own Medicinal Herbs
https://www.thereadystore.com/diy/6889/grow-your-own-medicinal-herbs/

Herbs have been used for thousands of years as a medicine to help your body heal naturally and effectively. Herbs such as Borage, Yarrow, Cayenne and more can be used to treat infections, fight blood loss, treat sickness and more.Check out this list of common herbs that you might use to help you in an emergency. Knowing how to use herbs to heal your body will help you become more self-sufficient and help you save money. ---CONTINUED---

Grandma Called it Medicine Leaf – Plantain Weed Remedies
https://commonsensehome.com/grandma-called-it-medicine-leaf/

Plantain weed is good medicine, from seed to root. In this article, I’ll share how I came to know plantain, and how to use the fresh leaves and dried leaves for natural remedies such as salve and tea. ---CONTINUED---

How To Use Milk Thistle For Inflammation
https://www.askaprepper.com/how-to-use-milk-thistle-for-inflammation/

Milk thistle is one of the best-known herbal remedies, discovered about 2,000 years ago. It is one of those rare herbs that can cure almost everything.

It’s said to decrease aging while controlling diabetes and benefiting the liver. It’s specifically known to reduce inflammation. ---CONTINUED---

A good herb to buy/grow is parsley, we grow our own, even in the winter:


https://www.webmd.com/vitamins/ai/ingredientmono-792/parsley

Purslane: The Omega-3 You Can Grow for Free!
https://thegrownetwork.com/purslane-omega-3/

  I was at the farmers market a few years ago checking out the seasonal greens. I noticed a lovely display of a succulent-type plant that looked exactly like a weed I’d been pulling out of my garden by the wheelbarrow loads for the last week.

It was selling for $6 a pound and people were lining up for it. Well, I bought a bag full and took it home to compare with the stuff that was swallowing my garden beds. Yep—exact match!

After that I did more research and discovered that the weed—oops, I mean “green”—was purslane. From that moment on, I stopped weeding it and started eating it—chopped in salads, sauteed with other greens, pureed in smoothies, mixed with bean dishes, and more.   ---CONTINUED---

$0 Alternatives to Pain Meds
https://www.askaprepper.com/0-alternatives-to-pain-meds/

When you are in pain, you need fast relief. But pain medicines have side effects that you may want to avoid, and now we are possibly facing shortages of drugs. One solution that I have found is using herbs for pain relief.

Most people are unaware of the pain-relieving qualities of herbs that are readily available across the United States. You probably have most of these growing near you. ---CONTINUED---

11 Herbal Alternatives to Antibiotics
https://urbansurvivalsite.com/herbal-alternatives-antibiotics/

  Oftentimes, the world’s best medications are not the ones developed in labs, but rather the ones made by Mother Nature. For thousands of years, mankind has relied on various herbs to treat a wide range of conditions.

While the advent of antibiotics drastically reduced the popularity of these herbal alternatives, they still remain effective to this day and are starting to enjoy more popularity as many diseases have grown resistant to antibiotics.   ---CONTINUED---

 CROSS POSTED in Medical Concerns :: Medicines :: Antibiotics

Chicory is used for more then the root for coffee.

Here are 15 proven health benefits of chicory:

https://www.plantshospital.com/chicory-benefits/

Made some Plantain salve today

Dave58 wrote:Made some Plantain salve today

OK Dave, I've really never heard of plantain salve, what is it used for?

rick1 wrote:

Dave58 wrote:Made some Plantain salve today

OK Dave, I've really never heard of plantain salve, what is it used for?

Bug bites , bee stings , poison ivy that sort of stuff

https://youtu.be/6bw897h-NqY

I'm going to make some dandelion salve next its supposed to be good for sore muscles

Dave, there is a seller on Etsy by the name of Plant Guru that has an essential oil called Deep Muscle Synergy. Nice ingredient stack of warming oils for arthritic joints/sore muscles. Prices begin at $5.99. Highly recommend.

I have osteoarthritis in one knee and I use it at night to lessen morning stiffness when I wake up. When it really bothers me, oil first and Ben Gay on top. I have 'script ibuprofen, also take that at night to lessen stiffness.

Certainly not Chanel No 5 so you may need to apologize to Mrs. Dave